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linux:commands [2011/12/03 17:50]
tkilla [sound]
linux:commands [2020/11/11 23:38]
tkilla
Line 1: Line 1:
-====== Shell Commands ======+====== Shell Commands & Oneliner ======
  
-**the place for useful commands, 1-liners and snippets** +**the place for useful commands, 1-liners, mini-howtos & snippets**
- +
-please leave a short description or some links here+
  
 +please give a short description or some links
  
 ---- ----
Line 13: Line 12:
   
    tar -czvf myfiles.tar.gz /home/username/myfiles/    tar -czvf myfiles.tar.gz /home/username/myfiles/
 +
 +
 +**create tar.gz archiv of full system without **
 +
 +   tar cvpzf /mnt/somewhere/backup.tgz --exclude=/data --exclude=/proc --exclude=/lost+found --exclude=/mnt --exclude=/sys --exclude=/dev /
 +
  
 \\ \\
-**backup mirror.tar via ssh & cat **+----
  
-the file-globbing regex /[a-oq-z]* leaves out /p* dirs, to exclude /proc :-)+===== compressed dump of complete filesystems ===== 
  
-   ssh -v root@hostname tar cvf - /[a-oq-z]| cat > /backupdir/mirror.tar+**backup raw data of disc (as root): **
  
 +  dd if=/dev/sdX | gzip -c9 > /PATH/TO/BACKUP.gz
 +
 +**restore to a __drive of same size__ as original medium:**
 +
 +  gunzip -c /PATH/TO/BACKUP.gz | dd of=/dev/sdX
 \\ \\
 ---- ----
 +
 +===== various methods howto backup & restore =====
 +
 +**[[http://wiki.eeeuser.com/backup_restore]]**
 +
 +\\
 +----
 +
  
 ===== sound ===== ===== sound =====
Line 28: Line 46:
 **mp3 "normalize" by id3 tag** **mp3 "normalize" by id3 tag**
  
-mp3gain analyses sound files and saves an id3 volume metatag to them. many music-players can read that id3 tag and adjust the volume.+mp3gain analyses sound files and saves an id3 volume metatag to them. many music-players can read that id3 tag and adjust the volume to that gain.
  
    find /path/to/music/ -type f -iname '*.mp3' -print0 | xargs -0 mp3gain -r -k    find /path/to/music/ -type f -iname '*.mp3' -print0 | xargs -0 mp3gain -r -k
  
 \\ \\
 +----
 +
 +===== bash completion =====
 +
 +**debian misses to enable this by default :(** 
 +it enables a lot of auto complete for file paths, commands, command parameters(!) and more
 +
 +   apt-get install bash-completion
 +
 +add this to /etc/profile to enable completion for all users:
 +
 +   if [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then
 +     . /etc/bash_completion
 +   fi
 +
 +enable it by opening a new console or 
 +   source /etc/profile
 +
 +info from: http://www.howtoforge.com/how-to-add-bash-completion-in-debian
 +
 +===== Fix locales ===== 
 +
 +  export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8; export LANG=en_US.UTF-8; export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8; locale-gen en_US.UTF-8 
  
  
  
linux/commands.txt · Last modified: 2020/11/12 00:20 by tkilla