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--- linux:webserver:nginx [2016/09/24 22:04]
tkilla
+++ linux:webserver:nginx [2020/11/13 04:11]
tkilla [Block Bots, SQL Injections, etc]
@@ Line 101: / Line 101: @@
 ===== microcaching =====
-TBD
+Cache PHP output for a very short time on busy sites to reduce php load:
+Vhost config top:
+  fastcgi_cache_path /home/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=MYAPP:100m inactive=60m;
+  fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri";
+server {
+  ....
+  location ~ \.php$ {
+  # Setup var defaults
+  set $no_cache "";
+  # If non GET/HEAD, don't cache & mark user as uncacheable for 1 second via cookie
+  if ($request_method !~ ^(GET|HEAD)$) {
+       set $no_cache "1";
+  }
+  # Drop no cache cookie if need be
+  # (for some reason, add_header fails if included in prior if-block)
+  if ($no_cache = "1") {
+       add_header Set-Cookie "_mcnc=1; Max-Age=2; Path=/";
+       add_header X-Microcachable "0";
+  }
+  # Bypass cache if no-cache cookie is set
+  if ($http_cookie ~* "_mcnc") {
+       set $no_cache "1";
+  }
+  # Bypass cache if flag is set
+  fastcgi_no_cache $no_cache;
+  fastcgi_cache_bypass $no_cache;
+  fastcgi_cache microcache;
+  fastcgi_cache_key $server_name|$request_uri;
+  fastcgi_cache_valid 404 30m;
+  fastcgi_cache_valid 200 10s;
+  fastcgi_max_temp_file_size 1M;
+  fastcgi_cache_use_stale updating;
+  fastcgi_pass_header Set-Cookie;
+  fastcgi_pass_header Cookie;
+  fastcgi_ignore_headers Cache-Control Expires Set-Cookie;
+====== Security ======
+===== Block Bots, SQL Injections, etc =====
+Block Bots in nginx.conf include like dissallow.conf:
+  server { ...
+    if ($http_user_agent ~* (AspiegelBot|MegaIndex|heritrix|panscient|HubSpot|libwww-perl|OpenVAS-VT|masscan|Linguee|Nimbostratus|Seekport|SMTBot|SEOkicks|SeobilityBot|360Spider|AhrefsBot|BLEXBot|MJ12bot|BUbiNG|Findxbot|Morfeus|larbin|ZmEu|Toata|talktalk|Baiduspider|webalta|nikto|wkito|pikto|scan|acunetix|morfeus|webcollage|youdao|HTTrack|clshttp|archiver|loader|email|harvest|extract|grab|miner|SemrushBot|GetWeb!|GetRight|Go!Zilla|Download\Demon|Go-Ahead-Got-It|TurnitinBot|GrabNet|Indy\ Library) ) {
+        # Connection Closed Without Response
+        # A non-standard status code used to instruct nginx to close the connection without sending a response to the client,
+        # most commonly used to deny malicious or malformed requests.
+        return 444;
+    }
+  ...
+  }
+https://www.howtoforge.com/nginx-how-to-block-exploits-sql-injections-file-injections-spam-user-agents-etc

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